
MONDE/ POLITIQUE / SOUDAN : L’armée rejette le plan de transition éthiopien, Washington brandit la menace de sanctions
L’opposition soudanaise a appelé cette semaine la population à manifester massivement pour la mise en place d’un gouvernement civil dans le pays, alors que le Conseil militaire a annoncé avoir rejeté le plan d’un gouvernement de transition proposé par l’Ethiopie, rapportent plusieurs médias.
« Nous allons et nous préparons à de larges manifestations le 30 juin pour nous assurer que le Conseil militaire entende la voix du peuple dans les rues et le peuple soudanaise continuera sa révolution jusqu’à ce que ses revendications soient entendues et que le pays devienne un Etat civil », a annoncé le porte-parole de l’Association des professionnels soudanais, principale structure du mouvement de contestation au Soudan, cité par Al Jazeera.
Les manifestations devraient également marquer le 30e anniversaire de la prise de pouvoir par le président déchu Omar el-Béchir, qui avait renversé en 1989 par un coup d’Etat le dernier gouvernement élu au Soudan.
Les appels de l’opposition à manifester interviennent après que le Conseil militaire de transition, qui règne sur le pays depuis la destitution du président el-Béchir, ait annoncé avoir rejeté le plan soumis par l’Ethiopie pour trouver une sortie à la crise politique majeure qui frappe le pays depuis six mois.
Pour rappel, un vaste mouvement de contestation populaire s’est formé en décembre contre le règne du président soudanais Omar el-Bechir. La violente répression du mouvement a fait des dizaines de morts et des centaines de blessés parmi les manifestants, ainsi que des centaines d’emprisonnements. L’armée a fini par destituer le président el-Bechir le 11 avril dernier.
Incarcéré depuis le 16 avril, le désormais ex-président a été remplacé à la tête de l’État soudanais par un Conseil militaire de transition présidé par Abdel Fattah al-Burhan. Un état de fait rejeté par la population soudanaise qui a continué de protester pour demander un transfert immédiat du pouvoir à une autorité civile. Le prolongement de la contestation a mené début juin les militaires soudanais à réprimer dans le sang un sit-in des manifestants devant le QG de l’armée, faisant plus de 120 morts et entrainant la condamnation de la communauté internationale.
Menaces américaines
Le plan de sortie de crise de la médiation éthiopienne vise à former un gouvernement de transition, dénommé « Conseil souverain », composé de sept civils et sept militaires, avec un siège supplémentaire réservé à un individu impartial. Si la proposition a été acceptée par l’opposition, le Conseil militaire l’a rejeté au motif que la mission du médiateur éthiopien était de relancer les discussions entre l’armée et l’opposition, « pas d’offrir des propositions pour des solutions ».
Le Soudan « est de retour à la case départ », a estimé Amany el-Taweel, responsable au Centre de recherche Al-Ahram pour les Etudes Politiques et Stratégiques. Pour le chercheur, les militaires soudanais « jouent la montre, particulièrement après que la pression de la rue ait baissé après la répression militaire du sit-in devant le QG de l’armée », a-t-il estimé en outre.
Dans ce contexte, une haute-responsable du département d’Etat américain a affirmé ce mardi que les Etats-Unis envisageaient toutes les options, y compris d’éventuelles sanctions, dans le cas où davantage de violence venait à prendre place. « Nous examinons toutes les options, y compris les sanctions en cas de récidive », a déclaré Makila James, secrétaire d’Etat assistant adjointe pour l’Afrique de l’Est et les Soudans, citée par Reuters.
La responsable américaine a précisé que ces sanctions pourraient inclure des sanctions sur les visas ou des sanctions économiques. « Nous voulons utiliser les outils idoines et nous voulons viser les bonnes personnes », a précisé Makila James. Cette dernière a par ailleurs salué les efforts de médiation de l’Ethiopie et a indiqué que les Etats-Unis avaient été « on ne peut plus clairs » qu’un gouvernement militaire unilatéral ne serait pas acceptable.
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