Le président de la République, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, a lancé jeudi à Alger un appel en faveur d’une vision fédératrice pour bâtir une Afrique unie, forte et influente sur la scène mondiale. Il a affirmé la détermination de l’Algérie à participer activement à cette ambition commune.
La déclaration a été faite lors de la cérémonie d’ouverture de la 4ᵉ édition de la Foire commerciale intra-africaine (IATF 2025), organisée au Centre international de conférences Abdelatif-Rahal. Le chef de l’État a souligné que l’Algérie était « fière d’accueillir cet événement », qui se tient dans un contexte mondial « sensible et délicat, marqué par une accélération sans précédent des événements ».
L’Afrique, un avenir à bâtir
Pour M. Tebboune, cette rencontre dépasse le cadre d’un simple rendez-vous économique. Elle incarne « une conscience collective » tournée vers la construction d’un continent intégré, doté d’une volonté forte et capable d’influencer son environnement régional et international.
Il a rappelé les avancées notables réalisées au cours des deux dernières décennies : l’entrée en vigueur de la Zone de libre-échange continentale africaine (ZLECAf), l’adhésion de l’Union africaine (UA) au G20, ainsi que l’établissement de partenariats stratégiques avec de grandes puissances et organisations économiques internationales.
Cependant, a-t-il nuancé, « beaucoup reste à faire » pour corriger les injustices historiques faites à l’Afrique et lui permettre de prendre toute sa place dans l’économie mondiale.
Faible représentation internationale
Le président a exhorté les pays africains à unir leurs efforts afin de peser davantage dans la gouvernance économique mondiale. Il a rappelé que l’Afrique demeure sous-représentée dans les grandes institutions financières internationales : sa part des droits de vote au Fonds monétaire international (FMI) ne dépasse pas 6,5 %, la plus faible au sein de l’organisation, et elle ne détient que 11 % des droits de vote à la Banque mondiale.
Même constat dans le commerce mondial, où la part de l’Afrique ne dépasse pas 3 %, malgré ses atouts considérables : 30 % des ressources naturelles mondiales et une population de plus de 1,5 milliard d’habitants, constituant un immense marché émergent.
Quant aux investissements, le continent n’attire que 94 milliards de dollars par an, soit moins de 6 % du flux mondial, « la part la plus faible au monde », a insisté le président.
Déficit d’infrastructures et projets structurants
M. Tebboune a également évoqué le manque criant d’infrastructures en matière de transport, d’énergie, de communication et de financement. Loin d’être un frein, a-t-il ajouté, ces défis doivent devenir « une source de motivation » pour mobiliser les capacités collectives et transformer la réalité africaine en réussite.
Il a mis en avant les efforts déployés par l’Algérie pour combler ces insuffisances à travers plusieurs mégaprojets structurants :
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la route transsaharienne,
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le gazoduc reliant l’Algérie au Nigeria, destiné à garantir l’énergie à plusieurs pays,
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la dorsale transsaharienne à fibre optique, pour renforcer la souveraineté numérique,
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une ligne ferroviaire vers le Mali via Adrar,
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une ligne ferroviaire vers le Niger via Tamanrasset,
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le développement de liaisons aériennes et maritimes entre capitales africaines,
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et l’ouverture de succursales de banques algériennes dans différents pays.
Une solidarité constante de l’Algérie
Le président a également rappelé la contribution de l’Algérie aux fondements du commerce intra-africain, notamment par la création de cinq zones franches avec les pays du Maghreb et de la région sahélo-saharienne.
Fidèle à sa tradition solidaire, l’Algérie a formé, depuis son indépendance, plus de 65 000 cadres africains. Elle a aussi effacé récemment la dette de 14 pays africains, pour un montant de 1,5 milliard de dollars, illustrant son engagement envers le continent.
Pour M. Tebboune, « l’avenir de l’Afrique repose sur la capacité de ses pays à mettre en place une infrastructure intégrée ». Cela suppose, a-t-il ajouté, la création d’un climat d’investissement attractif, reposant sur la mobilisation des énergies, l’unification des processus et la mise en valeur de la ZLECAf comme véritable moteur de développement.
Vers une Afrique émergente
Le président a par ailleurs évoqué le potentiel des ports algériens, capables dans cinq à six ans de réceptionner les marchandises en provenance de pays africains enclavés.
S’adressant enfin aux dirigeants africains présents, il les a invités à faire de cette 4ᵉ édition de l’IATF « un nouveau départ et une ère renouvelée », marquée par la solidarité et la coopération. Objectif : bâtir une Afrique « forte, unie et prospère ».
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